How did the journey toward building a comprehensive protection system begin
Individuals may face various risks over the course of their lives, including aging, illness, disability, and times when they lack sufficient income, sometimes due to job loss or unexpected circumstances.
What, then, is the optimal way to ensure the protection and well-being of all members of society?
In a world marked by rapid transformation and increasing social and economic challenges, the Sultanate of Oman recognized early on that traditional social protection systems can no longer meet the demands of the future.
Preparing for what lies ahead begins with rethinking the very foundations in order to create a system that is comprehensive, adaptable and built to last.
Development of the social
protection system
Before embarking on the development of the social protection system, specialists in the Sultanate of Oman studied global experiences and best practices in the field.
The reforms are closely aligned with Oman Vision 2040, with a strong focus on equality, social justice, and sustainable development to address both current and future challenges.
The system also adheres to leading international frameworks and practices, including the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and International Labour Organization conventions, reinforcing continuous progress and global partnerships.
Social Protection
Social protection is a shield of security for communities Social protection is not merely a policy.
It is a human-centered vision designed to safeguard communities from the risks that arise throughout the course of life. It serves as a vital source of stability and reassurance, offering individuals a sense of security in both their present and their future. The Sultanate of Oman has unified multiple pension and social insurance funds, along with social welfare programs, into a single, integrated system.
This transformation has strengthened efficiency, transparency, and governance. The unified system ensures financial sustainability, inclusiveness, and coherence, enabling it to support future generations without placing undue burden on current contributors. The reform of the social protection system in the Sultanate of Oman has significantly strengthened the social safety net. It has enhanced public trust and provided robust protection against economic and social risks.
The base level of social protection (commonly known as the social protection floor), is funded by the government’s general budget.
Social Protection Benefits
The social protection system offers a more balanced safety net through fully government-funded cash benefits. These benefits are rooted in principles of redistribution and public financing. This foundational level includes support for older persons, children, persons with disabilities, orphans and widows, and low-income families. These newly introduced benefits are designed to foster a more cohesive society that is better equipped to withstand social and economic challenges.
One and a half million individuals benefit from social protection programs.
Level One: Core Social Insurance System
Social insurance programs represent a core pillar of the broader social protection system. They provide coverage against risks individuals and families may face throughout the life cycle.
Social insurance operates as a solidarity-based scheme, funded through contributions, offering protection and stability during key life events.
Types of Social Insurance Coverage:
• Old Age, Disability, and Survivors Insurance (Retirement benefits)
• Work Injury and Occupational Disease Insurance
• Unemployment Insurance / Job Security Program
• Maternity Leave Insurance
• Sick Leave and Other Exceptional Leave Insurance (to be implemented later)
• Social Health Insurance (to be implemented later
